Error 错误

在 Node.js 中运行的应用程序通常会遇到四类错误：

• 标准的 JavaScript 错误，例如 <EvalError>、<SyntaxError>、<RangeError>、<ReferenceError>、<TypeError> 和 <URIError>。
• 由底层操作系统约束触发的系统错误，例如尝试打开不存在的文件或尝试通过关闭的套接字发送数据。
• 由应用程序代码触发的用户指定的错误。
• AssertionError 是特殊的错误类，当 Node.js 检测到不应该发生的异常逻辑违规时会触发。 这些通常由 node:assert 模块引发。

Node.js 引发的所有 JavaScript 和系统错误都继承自标准的 JavaScript <Error> 类（或者是其实例），并且保证至少提供该类上可用的属性。

Applications running in Node.js will generally experience four categories of errors:

• Standard JavaScript errors such as <EvalError>, <SyntaxError>, <RangeError>, <ReferenceError>, <TypeError>, and <URIError>.
• System errors triggered by underlying operating system constraints such as attempting to open a file that does not exist or attempting to send data over a closed socket.
• User-specified errors triggered by application code.
• AssertionErrors are a special class of error that can be triggered when Node.js detects an exceptional logic violation that should never occur. These are raised typically by the node:assert module.

All JavaScript and system errors raised by Node.js inherit from, or are instances of, the standard JavaScript <Error> class and are guaranteed to provide at least the properties available on that class.