在 Windows 上衍生 .bat 和 .cmd 文件

child_process.exec() 和 child_process.execFile() 之间区别的重要性可能因平台而异。 在 Unix 类型的操作系统（Unix、Linux、macOS）上，child_process.execFile() 可以更高效，因为它默认不衍生 shell。 但是，在 Windows 上，.bat 和 .cmd 文件在没有终端的情况下无法自行执行，因此无法使用 child_process.execFile() 启动。 在 Windows 上运行时，.bat 和 .cmd 文件可以使用具有 shell 选项集的 child_process.spawn()、使用 child_process.exec()、或通过衍生 cmd.exe 并将 .bat 或 .cmd 文件作为参数传入（这也是 shell 选项和 child_process.exec() 所做的）来调用。 在任何情况下，如果脚本文件名包含空格，则需要加上引号。

// 仅在 Windows 上...
const { spawn } = require('node:child_process');
const bat = spawn('cmd.exe', ['/c', 'my.bat']);

bat.stdout.on('data', (data) => {
  console.log(data.toString());
});

bat.stderr.on('data', (data) => {
  console.error(data.toString());
});

bat.on('exit', (code) => {
  console.log(`Child exited with code ${code}`);
});

// 或者...
const { exec, spawn } = require('node:child_process');
exec('my.bat', (err, stdout, stderr) => {
  if (err) {
    console.error(err);
    return;
  }
  console.log(stdout);
});

// 文件名中带有空格的脚本：
const bat = spawn('"my script.cmd"', ['a', 'b'], { shell: true });
// 或者：
exec('"my script.cmd" a b', (err, stdout, stderr) => {
  // ...
});

The importance of the distinction between child_process.exec() and child_process.execFile() can vary based on platform. On Unix-type operating systems (Unix, Linux, macOS) child_process.execFile() can be more efficient because it does not spawn a shell by default. On Windows, however, .bat and .cmd files are not executable on their own without a terminal, and therefore cannot be launched using child_process.execFile(). When running on Windows, .bat and .cmd files can be invoked using child_process.spawn() with the shell option set, with child_process.exec(), or by spawning cmd.exe and passing the .bat or .cmd file as an argument (which is what the shell option and child_process.exec() do). In any case, if the script filename contains spaces it needs to be quoted.

// On Windows Only...
const { spawn } = require('node:child_process');
const bat = spawn('cmd.exe', ['/c', 'my.bat']);

bat.stdout.on('data', (data) => {
  console.log(data.toString());
});

bat.stderr.on('data', (data) => {
  console.error(data.toString());
});

bat.on('exit', (code) => {
  console.log(`Child exited with code ${code}`);
});

// OR...
const { exec, spawn } = require('node:child_process');
exec('my.bat', (err, stdout, stderr) => {
  if (err) {
    console.error(err);
    return;
  }
  console.log(stdout);
});

// Script with spaces in the filename:
const bat = spawn('"my script.cmd"', ['a', 'b'], { shell: true });
// or:
exec('"my script.cmd" a b', (err, stdout, stderr) => {
  // ...
});