文件系统标志

以下标志在 flag 选项接受字符串的任何地方可用。

    
          
    The following flags are available wherever the flag option takes a
string.
      

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      'a': Open file for appending.
The file is created if it does not exist.
      

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    • 

      'ax': Like 'a' but fails if the path exists.
      

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    • 

      'a+': Open file for reading and appending.
The file is created if it does not exist.
      

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    • 

      'ax+': Like 'a+' but fails if the path exists.
      

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    • 

      'as': Open file for appending in synchronous mode.
The file is created if it does not exist.
      

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    • 

      'as+': Open file for reading and appending in synchronous mode.
The file is created if it does not exist.
      

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    • 

      'r': Open file for reading.
An exception occurs if the file does not exist.
      

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    • 

      'r+': Open file for reading and writing.
An exception occurs if the file does not exist.
      

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    • 

      'rs+': Open file for reading and writing in synchronous mode. Instructs
the operating system to bypass the local file system cache.
      

      This is primarily useful for opening files on NFS mounts as it allows
skipping the potentially stale local cache. It has a very real impact on
I/O performance so using this flag is not recommended unless it is needed.
      

      This doesn't turn fs.open() or fsPromises.open() into a synchronous
blocking call. If synchronous operation is desired, something like
fs.openSync() should be used.
      

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    • 

      'w': Open file for writing.
The file is created (if it does not exist) or truncated (if it exists).
      

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    • 

      'wx': Like 'w' but fails if the path exists.
      

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    • 

      'w+': Open file for reading and writing.
The file is created (if it does not exist) or truncated (if it exists).
      

      • 

    • 

      'wx+': Like 'w+' but fails if the path exists.
      

      • 

    flag can also be a number as documented by open(2); commonly used constants
are available from fs.constants. On Windows, flags are translated to
their equivalent ones where applicable, e.g. O_WRONLY to FILE_GENERIC_WRITE,
or O_EXCL|O_CREAT to CREATE_NEW, as accepted by CreateFileW.
    The exclusive flag 'x' (O_EXCL flag in open(2)) causes the operation to
return an error if the path already exists. On POSIX, if the path is a symbolic
link, using O_EXCL returns an error even if the link is to a path that does
not exist. The exclusive flag might not work with network file systems.
    On Linux, positional writes don't work when the file is opened in append mode.
The kernel ignores the position argument and always appends the data to
the end of the file.
    Modifying a file rather than replacing it may require the flag option to be
set to 'r+' rather than the default 'w'.
    The behavior of some flags are platform-specific. As such, opening a directory
on macOS and Linux with the 'a+' flag, as in the example below, will return an
error. In contrast, on Windows and FreeBSD, a file descriptor or a FileHandle
will be returned.
    // macOS and Linux
fs.open('<directory>', 'a+', (err, fd) => {
  // => [Error: EISDIR: illegal operation on a directory, open <directory>]
});

// Windows and FreeBSD
fs.open('<directory>', 'a+', (err, fd) => {
  // => null, <fd>
});
    On Windows, opening an existing hidden file using the 'w' flag (either
through fs.open(), fs.writeFile(), or fsPromises.open()) will fail with
EPERM. Existing hidden files can be opened for writing with the 'r+' flag.
    A call to fs.ftruncate() or filehandle.truncate() can be used to reset
the file contents.