cluster（集群）

单个 Node.js 实例运行在单个线程中。 为了充分利用多核系统，有时需要启用一组 Node.js 进程去处理负载任务。

cluster 模块可以创建共享服务器端口的子进程。

const cluster = require('cluster');
const http = require('http');
const numCPUs = require('os').cpus().length;

if (cluster.isMaster) {
  console.log(`主进程 ${process.pid} 正在运行`);

  // 衍生工作进程。
  for (let i = 0; i < numCPUs; i++) {
    cluster.fork();
  }

  cluster.on('exit', (worker, code, signal) => {
    console.log(`工作进程 ${worker.process.pid} 已退出`);
  });
} else {
  // 工作进程可以共享任何 TCP 连接。
  // 在本例子中，共享的是 HTTP 服务器。
  http.createServer((req, res) => {
    res.writeHead(200);
    res.end('你好世界\n');
  }).listen(8000);

  console.log(`工作进程 ${process.pid} 已启动`);
}

运行代码，则工作进程会共享 8000 端口：

$ node server.js
主进程 3596 正在运行
工作进程 4324 已启动
工作进程 4520 已启动
工作进程 6056 已启动
工作进程 5644 已启动

A single instance of Node.js runs in a single thread. To take advantage of multi-core systems, the user will sometimes want to launch a cluster of Node.js processes to handle the load.

The cluster module allows easy creation of child processes that all share server ports.

const cluster = require('cluster');
const http = require('http');
const numCPUs = require('os').cpus().length;

if (cluster.isMaster) {
  console.log(`Master ${process.pid} is running`);

  // Fork workers.
  for (let i = 0; i < numCPUs; i++) {
    cluster.fork();
  }

  cluster.on('exit', (worker, code, signal) => {
    console.log(`worker ${worker.process.pid} died`);
  });
} else {
  // Workers can share any TCP connection
  // In this case it is an HTTP server
  http.createServer((req, res) => {
    res.writeHead(200);
    res.end('hello world\n');
  }).listen(8000);

  console.log(`Worker ${process.pid} started`);
}

Running Node.js will now share port 8000 between the workers:

$ node server.js
Master 3596 is running
Worker 4324 started
Worker 4520 started
Worker 6056 started
Worker 5644 started

Please note that on Windows, it is not yet possible to set up a named pipe server in a worker.