混入是如何工作的？

该模式依赖于使用具有类继承的泛型来扩展基类。TypeScript 最好的 mixin 支持是通过类表达式模式完成的。您可以阅读有关此模式在 JavaScript 此处 中如何工作的更多信息。

The pattern relies on using generics with class inheritance to extend a base class. TypeScript's best mixin support is done via the class expression pattern. You can read more about how this pattern works in JavaScript here.

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class Sprite {
  name = "";
  x = 0;
  y = 0;

  constructor(name: string) {
    this.name = name;
  }
}

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// To get started, we need a type which we'll use to extend
// other classes from. The main responsibility is to declare
// that the type being passed in is a class.

type Constructor = new (...args: any[]) => {};

// This mixin adds a scale property, with getters and setters
// for changing it with an encapsulated private property:

function Scale<TBase extends Constructor>(Base: TBase) {
  return class Scaling extends Base {
    // Mixins may not declare private/protected properties
    // however, you can use ES2020 private fields
    _scale = 1;

    setScale(scale: number) {
      this._scale = scale;
    }

    get scale(): number {
      return this._scale;
    }
  };
}

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class Sprite {
  name = "";
  x = 0;
  y = 0;

  constructor(name: string) {
    this.name = name;
  }
}
type Constructor = new (...args: any[]) => {};
function Scale<TBase extends Constructor>(Base: TBase) {
  return class Scaling extends Base {
    // Mixins may not declare private/protected properties
    // however, you can use ES2020 private fields
    _scale = 1;

    setScale(scale: number) {
      this._scale = scale;
    }

    get scale(): number {
      return this._scale;
    }
  };
}
// Compose a new class from the Sprite class,
// with the Mixin Scale applier:
const EightBitSprite = Scale(Sprite);

const flappySprite = new EightBitSprite("Bird");
flappySprite.setScale(0.8);
console.log(flappySprite.scale);