crypto.hash(algorithm, data[, outputEncoding])

• algorithm <string> | <undefined>
• data <string> | <Buffer> | <TypedArray> | <DataView> 当 data 是字符串时，会在哈希之前以 UTF-8 编码。如果希望对字符串输入使用不同的编码，用户可以使用 TextEncoder 或 Buffer.from() 将字符串编码为 TypedArray，然后将编码后的 TypedArray 传入此 API。
• outputEncoding <string> | <undefined> 编码 用于编码返回的摘要。默认值: 'hex'。
• 返回: <string> | <Buffer>

一个用于创建数据一次性哈希摘要的工具。当哈希较小量（<= 5MB）且数据随手可得时，它可能比基于对象的 crypto.createHash() 更快。如果数据可能较大或是流式的，仍然建议使用 crypto.createHash()。

【A utility for creating one-shot hash digests of data. It can be faster than the object-based crypto.createHash() when hashing a smaller amount of data (<= 5MB) that's readily available. If the data can be big or if it is streamed, it's still recommended to use crypto.createHash() instead.】

algorithm 取决于平台上 OpenSSL 版本支持的可用算法。例如 'sha256'、'sha512' 等。在较新的 OpenSSL 版本中，使用 openssl list -digest-algorithms 可以显示可用的摘要算法。

【The algorithm is dependent on the available algorithms supported by the version of OpenSSL on the platform. Examples are 'sha256', 'sha512', etc. On recent releases of OpenSSL, openssl list -digest-algorithms will display the available digest algorithms.】

示例：

【Example:】

const crypto = require('node:crypto');
const { Buffer } = require('node:buffer');

// Hashing a string and return the result as a hex-encoded string.
const string = 'Node.js';
// 10b3493287f831e81a438811a1ffba01f8cec4b7
console.log(crypto.hash('sha1', string));

// Encode a base64-encoded string into a Buffer, hash it and return
// the result as a buffer.
const base64 = 'Tm9kZS5qcw==';
// <Buffer 10 b3 49 32 87 f8 31 e8 1a 43 88 11 a1 ff ba 01 f8 ce c4 b7>
console.log(crypto.hash('sha1', Buffer.from(base64, 'base64'), 'buffer'));import crypto from 'node:crypto';
import { Buffer } from 'node:buffer';

// Hashing a string and return the result as a hex-encoded string.
const string = 'Node.js';
// 10b3493287f831e81a438811a1ffba01f8cec4b7
console.log(crypto.hash('sha1', string));

// Encode a base64-encoded string into a Buffer, hash it and return
// the result as a buffer.
const base64 = 'Tm9kZS5qcw==';
// <Buffer 10 b3 49 32 87 f8 31 e8 1a 43 88 11 a1 ff ba 01 f8 ce c4 b7>
console.log(crypto.hash('sha1', Buffer.from(base64, 'base64'), 'buffer'));拷贝