crypto.randomBytes(size[, callback])

• size <number> 要生成的字节数。 size 不得大于 2**31 - 1。
• callback <Function>
  • err <Error>
  • buf <Buffer>
• 返回: <Buffer> 如果未提供 callback 函数。

生成加密强伪随机数据。 size 参数是数字，指示要生成的字节数。

如果提供了 callback 函数，则异步生成字节，并使用两个参数调用 callback 函数：err 和 buf。 如果发生错误，则 err 将是 Error 对象；否则就是 null。 buf 参数是包含生成字节的 Buffer。

// 异步的
const {
  randomBytes,
} = await import('node:crypto');

randomBytes(256, (err, buf) => {
  if (err) throw err;
  console.log(`${buf.length} bytes of random data: ${buf.toString('hex')}`);
});// 异步的
const {
  randomBytes,
} = require('node:crypto');

randomBytes(256, (err, buf) => {
  if (err) throw err;
  console.log(`${buf.length} bytes of random data: ${buf.toString('hex')}`);
});

如果未提供 callback 函数，则同步生成随机字节并作为 Buffer 返回。 如果生成字节出现问题，则会抛出错误。

// 同步的
const {
  randomBytes,
} = await import('node:crypto');

const buf = randomBytes(256);
console.log(
  `${buf.length} bytes of random data: ${buf.toString('hex')}`);// 同步的
const {
  randomBytes,
} = require('node:crypto');

const buf = randomBytes(256);
console.log(
  `${buf.length} bytes of random data: ${buf.toString('hex')}`);

crypto.randomBytes() 方法将不会完成，直到有足够的可用熵。 这通常不会超过几毫秒。 可以想象，生成随机字节的唯一时间可能会阻塞更长的时间是在启动之后，此时整个系统的熵仍然很低。

此 API 使用 libuv 的线程池，这对某些应用程序可能会产生意外的负面性能影响；有关更多信息，请参阅 UV_THREADPOOL_SIZE 文档。

crypto.randomBytes() 的异步版本是在单个线程池请求中执行的。 为了最大限度地减少线程池任务长度变化，在执行客户端请求时将大型 randomBytes 请求分区。

• size <number> The number of bytes to generate. The size must not be larger than 2**31 - 1.
• callback <Function>
  • err <Error>
  • buf <Buffer>
• Returns: <Buffer> if the callback function is not provided.

Generates cryptographically strong pseudorandom data. The size argument is a number indicating the number of bytes to generate.

If a callback function is provided, the bytes are generated asynchronously and the callback function is invoked with two arguments: err and buf. If an error occurs, err will be an Error object; otherwise it is null. The buf argument is a Buffer containing the generated bytes.

// Asynchronous
const {
  randomBytes,
} = await import('node:crypto');

randomBytes(256, (err, buf) => {
  if (err) throw err;
  console.log(`${buf.length} bytes of random data: ${buf.toString('hex')}`);
});// Asynchronous
const {
  randomBytes,
} = require('node:crypto');

randomBytes(256, (err, buf) => {
  if (err) throw err;
  console.log(`${buf.length} bytes of random data: ${buf.toString('hex')}`);
});

If the callback function is not provided, the random bytes are generated synchronously and returned as a Buffer. An error will be thrown if there is a problem generating the bytes.

// Synchronous
const {
  randomBytes,
} = await import('node:crypto');

const buf = randomBytes(256);
console.log(
  `${buf.length} bytes of random data: ${buf.toString('hex')}`);// Synchronous
const {
  randomBytes,
} = require('node:crypto');

const buf = randomBytes(256);
console.log(
  `${buf.length} bytes of random data: ${buf.toString('hex')}`);

The crypto.randomBytes() method will not complete until there is sufficient entropy available. This should normally never take longer than a few milliseconds. The only time when generating the random bytes may conceivably block for a longer period of time is right after boot, when the whole system is still low on entropy.

This API uses libuv's threadpool, which can have surprising and negative performance implications for some applications; see the UV_THREADPOOL_SIZE documentation for more information.

The asynchronous version of crypto.randomBytes() is carried out in a single threadpool request. To minimize threadpool task length variation, partition large randomBytes requests when doing so as part of fulfilling a client request.