options.detached

在 Windows 上，将 options.detached 设置为 true 可以让子进程在父进程退出后继续运行。 子进程将有自己的控制台窗口。 一旦为子进程启用，则它就不能被禁用。

在非 Windows 平台上，如果 options.detached 设置为 true，则子进程将成为新进程组和会话的领导者。 子进程可以在父进程退出后继续运行，不管它们是否分离。 有关详细信息，请参阅 setsid(2)。

默认情况下，父进程将等待分离的子进程退出。 为了防止父进程等待给定的 subprocess 退出，则使用 subprocess.unref() 方法。 这样做会使父进程的事件循环不将子进程包括在其引用计数中，从而允许父进程独立于子进程退出，除非在子进程和父进程之间建立了 IPC 通道。

当使用 detached 选项启动长时间运行的进程时，进程在父进程退出后不会一直在后台运行，除非提供了未连接到父进程的 stdio 配置。 如果继承了父进程的 stdio，则子进程将保持与控制终端的连接。

长时间运行的进程的示例，通过分离并忽略其父进程的 stdio 文件描述符，以忽略父进程的终止：

const { spawn } = require('node:child_process');

const subprocess = spawn(process.argv[0], ['child_program.js'], {
  detached: true,
  stdio: 'ignore',
});

subprocess.unref();

或者，可以将子进程的输出重定向到文件中：

const fs = require('node:fs');
const { spawn } = require('node:child_process');
const out = fs.openSync('./out.log', 'a');
const err = fs.openSync('./out.log', 'a');

const subprocess = spawn('prg', [], {
  detached: true,
  stdio: [ 'ignore', out, err ],
});

subprocess.unref();

On Windows, setting options.detached to true makes it possible for the child process to continue running after the parent exits. The child will have its own console window. Once enabled for a child process, it cannot be disabled.

On non-Windows platforms, if options.detached is set to true, the child process will be made the leader of a new process group and session. Child processes may continue running after the parent exits regardless of whether they are detached or not. See setsid(2) for more information.

By default, the parent will wait for the detached child to exit. To prevent the parent from waiting for a given subprocess to exit, use the subprocess.unref() method. Doing so will cause the parent's event loop to not include the child in its reference count, allowing the parent to exit independently of the child, unless there is an established IPC channel between the child and the parent.

When using the detached option to start a long-running process, the process will not stay running in the background after the parent exits unless it is provided with a stdio configuration that is not connected to the parent. If the parent's stdio is inherited, the child will remain attached to the controlling terminal.

Example of a long-running process, by detaching and also ignoring its parent stdio file descriptors, in order to ignore the parent's termination:

const { spawn } = require('node:child_process');

const subprocess = spawn(process.argv[0], ['child_program.js'], {
  detached: true,
  stdio: 'ignore',
});

subprocess.unref();

Alternatively one can redirect the child process' output into files:

const fs = require('node:fs');
const { spawn } = require('node:child_process');
const out = fs.openSync('./out.log', 'a');
const err = fs.openSync('./out.log', 'a');

const subprocess = spawn('prg', [], {
  detached: true,
  stdio: [ 'ignore', out, err ],
});

subprocess.unref();